Question 1
Psychology is the ________________ of ________________ and mental processes.
A) study, the mind
B) knowledge, philosophy
C) study, personality
D) science, behavior
A.
B.
C.
D.
2 points
Question 2
The best psychological information is typically based on
A) proven theories
B) opinions of experts and authorities
C) anthropomorphic
D) empirical evidence and measurements
A.
B.
C.
D.
2 points
Question 3
Who among the following is most interested in the growth of young children?
A) learning theorist
B) personality theorist
C) comparative psychologist
D) developmental psychologist
A.
B.
C.
D.
2 points
Question 4
Who among the following is LEAST likely to treat serious behavioral and emotional disturbances?
A) psychologist
B) counselor
C) psychiatrist
D) psychoanalyst
A.
B.
C.
D.
2 points
Question 5
A hypothesis is a(n):
A)
observable relationship between specific independent and dependent variables.
B)
testable prediction that gives direction to research.
C)
set of principles that organizes and explains newly discovered facts.
D)
unprovable assumption about the unobservable processes that underlie psychological functioning.
A.
B.
C.
D.
2 points
Question 6
The cognitive perspective in psychology emphasizes how:
A)
feelings are influenced by blood chemistry.
B)
people try to understand their own unconscious motives.
C)
behavior is influenced by environmental conditions.
D)
people encode, process, store, and retrieve information.
A.
B.
C.
D.
2 points
Question 7
All psychodynamic theories are based on the work of:
A) Titchner
B) Freud
C) Darwin
D) Piaget
A.
B.
C.
D.
2 points
Question 8
Belief in astrology is based on the failure to:
A) collect relevant correlations
B) make use of introspection
C) distinguish between observation and inference
D) engage in critical thinking
A.
B.
C.
D.
2 points
Question 9
If psychologists discovered that wealthy people are less satisfied with their marriages than poor people, this would indicate that wealth and marital satisfaction are:
A)
causally related.
B)
negatively correlated.
C)
independent variables.
D)
dependent variables.
E)
positively correlated.
A.
B.
C.
D.
2 points
Question 10
A correlation between physical attractiveness and dating frequency of +.70 would indicate that:
A)
physical attractiveness has no causal influence on dating frequency.
B)
more frequent dating is associated with lower levels of physical attractiveness.
C)
it is impossible to predict levels of physical attractiveness based on knowledge of dating frequency.
D)
more frequent dating is associated with higher levels of physical attractiveness.
A.
B.
C.
D.
2 points
Question 11
An article in a magazine claims that a “New Diet Controls Hyperactivity in Children”. This claim is meaningless unless:
A) the author is an authority on hyperactivity
B) the diet has been scientifically tested
C) an animal test was conducted
D) the author knows of a specific child who benefited from the diet
A.
B.
C.
D.
2 points
Question 12
If psychologists discovered that intelligent parents have smarter children than unintelligent parents, this would demonstrate that:
A)
intelligence is learned.
B)
intelligent parents provide their children with fewer educational opportunities than do unintelligent parents.
C)
the intelligence of parents and children is positively correlated.
D)
all the above are true.
A.
B.
C.
D.
2 points
Question 13
Naturalistic observations are conducted in order to:
A). describe behavior.
B). explain behavior.
C). predict behavior.
D). control behavior.
A.
B.
C.
D.
2 points
Question 14
According to evolutionary psychology men judge women as especially attractive if they appear ________ and women judge men as especially attractive if they appear ________.
A)
mature; mature
B)
youthful; youthful
C)
mature; youthful
D)
youthful; mature
A.
B.
C.
D.
2 points
Question 15
In the nature-nurture debate, the term nature primarily refers to:
A) mother earth
B) the existence of sensitive periods
C) wild animals
D) heredity
A.
B.
C.
D.
2 points
Question 16
According to evolutionary psychology to attract potential mates, women are more likely than men to advertise their own ________, and men are more likely than women to advertise their own ________.
A)
athletic skills; parenting skills
B)
good looks; social status
C)
sexual experience; sexual inexperience
D)
intelligence; nurturance
A.
B.
C.
D.
2 points
Question 17
In the nature/nuture debate two individuals are most likely to share similar personality traits if they are ________ twins who were reared ________.
A)
fraternal; together
B)
identical; apart
C)
fraternal; apart
D)
identical; together
A.
B.
C.
D.
2 points
Question 18
Which of the following correlation coefficients indicates the strongest relationship between variables?
A). positive .05
B). negative .25
C). positive .75
D). negative .95
A.
B.
C.
D.
2 points
Question 19
Which of the following emphasizes the effects of parents’ child-rearing practices on children’s personality development:
A). behavior geneticists.
B). Freudian psychologists.
C). gender schema theorists.
D). evolutionary psychologists.
A.
B.
C.
D.
2 points
Question 20
Adoptive parents are least likely to influence the ________ of their adopted children.
A). personality traits
B). religious beliefs
C). political attitudes
D). moral values
A.
B.
C.
D.
2 points
Question 21
Concepts of maleness and femaleness that influence our perceptions of gender are called gender:
A). norms
B). ideas
C) roles
D). complexes
A.
B.
C.
D.
2 points
Question 22
Two closed, pyramid-shaped beakers containing clearly identical amounts of a liquid are suddenly judged by a child to hold different amounts after one of the beakers is inverted. The child apparently lacks a:
A). sense of object permanence.
B). concept of conservation.
C). capacity for habituation.
D). secure attachment.
A.
B.
C.
D.
2 points
Question 23
Jack is learning to understand algebra. He loves to discuss philosophical issues with his friends, and is exploring various religious beliefs. Jack is in Jean Piaget’s __________ stage.
A). preoperational
B). sensorimotor
